Which type of vaccine is designed to provide an immune response without causing the disease?

The correct answer is that a live attenuated vaccine is designed to provide an immune response without causing the disease. Live attenuated vaccines contain a version of the living virus or bacterium that has been weakened in the laboratory. Because these pathogens are live but are not able to cause disease, they stimulate a robust immune response without leading to the full-blown illness. This type of vaccine is effective in mimicking a natural infection, which helps the immune system to recognize and respond more effectively to the actual pathogen if encountered in the future.

The immune response generated by live attenuated vaccines often includes the activation of multiple components of the immune system, such as both antibody production and cell-mediated immunity, leading to long-lasting protection. This is why vaccines like those for measles, mumps, and rubella are so effective.

In contrast, inactivated vaccines contain pathogens that have been killed or inactivated so they cannot cause disease. While they can still provoke an immune response, it is generally not as strong or long-lasting as that elicited by live attenuated vaccines. Subunit vaccines include only pieces of the virus or bacteria (such as proteins or sugars) and can be effective, but they typically require additional boosters to maintain immunity. Recombinant vaccines are created