What type of immunity is described when a child has antibodies from a previous measles infection?

The scenario describes a child who has developed antibodies as a result of a previous measles infection. This indicates that the child has undergone a natural immune response to the measles virus, leading to the production of specific antibodies by their own immune system. This is characteristic of active immunity.

Active immunity occurs when an individual's immune system produces its own antibodies in response to a pathogen or vaccination. In this case, the child's immune system responded to the actual measles virus, creating long-lasting immunity by retaining memory cells that can respond to future infections of the same pathogen.

In contrast, passive immunity occurs when antibodies are transferred from another source, such as a mother to her child through breast milk or during pregnancy, or through antibody treatments, but in this case, the child is immune due to their own prior infection.

Temporary immunity does not apply in this context as active immunity typically provides long-lasting protection. While the term 'permanent immunity' is sometimes used, it is not a standard scientific term as immunity can wane over time depending on various factors, but active immunity from infection generally offers more sustained defense against future infections than passive immunity does.

Thus, the correct answer pertains to active immunity, as the child gained immunity by producing antibodies in response to having had